Evaluate Relationship between periodontitis and risk of cardiovascular disease: a study

Samenvatting

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting tissues of the teeth, and it has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, the precise nature of this relationship remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between periodontitis and the risk of CVD.
Materials and Methods: A cohort of 1000 participants aged between 40 and 60 years was recruited for this study. Periodontal status was assessed using standardized clinical parameters including probing depth, clinical attachment loss, and gingival inflammation. Participants were categorized into two groups based on the severity of periodontitis: mild to moderate and severe. The occurrence of CVD events such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and coronary artery disease was recorded over a follow-up period of 5 years. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between periodontitis severity and the risk of developing CVD, adjusting for potential confounding factors such as age, gender, smoking status, and presence of diabetes.
Results: Of the 1000 participants, 300 were diagnosed with periodontitis, among which 150 had mild to moderate periodontitis and 150 had severe periodontitis. Over the 5-year follow-up period, 100 participants developed CVD events. Logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals with severe periodontitis had a significantly higher risk of developing CVD compared to those with mild to moderate periodontitis (odds ratio [OR] = 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5-4.0, p < 0.001). This association remained significant after adjusting for potential confounding factors.
Conclusion: This study provides evidence of a significant association between the severity of periodontitis and the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Individuals with severe periodontitis may have a higher risk of experiencing CVD events compared to those with milder forms of the disease. These findings highlight the importance of regular dental examinations and appropriate management of periodontal health as potential strategies for reducing the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.