Evaluation of impact of orthodontic treatment in psychology of pediatric patients: An original research

Abstract

Background: Orthodontic treatment is commonly sought for correcting dental malocclusions and improving facial aesthetics. However, emerging research suggests that orthodontic intervention may also have broader physiological and psychological benefits, particularly among pediatric patients.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the physiological wellness outcomes of orthodontic treatment among pediatric patients attending schools, with a focus on heart rate variability (HRV), stress levels, self-esteem, and social anxiety.
Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted at a tertiary care center specializing in orthodontic treatment. A total of 300 pediatric patients, aged 8 to 16 years, undergoing orthodontic treatment were recruited for participation. Physiological parameters, including HRV and salivary cortisol levels, were assessed at baseline and follow-up visits. Self-esteem and social anxiety levels were evaluated using standardized questionnaires. Qualitative interviews were conducted to explore subjective experiences and perceptions of orthodontic treatment among participants.
Results: Quantitative analysis revealed significant improvements in HRV, with an increase in parasympathetic activity post-treatment (p < 0.05). Salivary cortisol levels and self-reported stress scores exhibited significant reductions following orthodontic treatment (p < 0.01). Self-esteem scores significantly improved post-treatment (p < 0.001), indicating enhanced self-perception and confidence among pediatric patients. Similarly, social anxiety levels significantly decreased post-treatment (p < 0.001), reflecting improved social functioning and interpersonal relationships. Qualitative analysis identified themes of increased confidence, improved social interactions, and enhanced overall well-being among pediatric patients following orthodontic intervention.
Conclusion: Orthodontic treatment exerts significant physiological and psychological benefits on pediatric patients, encompassing improvements in HRV, stress levels, self-esteem, and social anxiety. These findings highlight the importance of considering the holistic impact of orthodontic intervention on pediatric well-being and underscore the need for comprehensive pediatric healthcare approaches that integrate dental, physiological, and psychological considerations.