The prevalence and clinical significance of major acute cardiovascular events after dengue infection: A observational study

Abstract

Background:Dengue infection is one of the common tropical infectious diseases. Clinicalmanifestations of cardiacinvolvement can vary widely, from an incidental finding to severe cardiac failure resulting in death.
Aim:To assess the prevalence and clinical significance of major acute cardiovascular events after dengue infection.
Methods:A comprehensive longitudinal investigation took place at a tertiaryhealthcare facilitylocated inRaigad (Maharashtra). The sampling techniqueinvolved the inclusion of 140 eligible dengue fever cases who were selected on a first come first serve basisafter the beginning of the study.A previous history of any cardiac disease, history of chronic kidney disease(CKD), pregnant women and children, as well as admission ECG suggestive of old ischemicchanges, and use of medications affecting heart rate were excluded from the study,
Results:Prevalence of cardiac inflammation in dengue fever cases were 26.4%. The elevatedhs-Troponin-T (pg/ml) in 25.0% cases and elevated CK-MB (U/L) in 23.6% cases.1st-degree heart block in 10.8%,2nd-degree heart block in 2.7%, complete heart block in 2.7%, atrial fibrillation in 10.8%, ST elevation in 5.4%, ventricular tachycardia in 2.7% and sinus tachycardia in 13.5%. 37.8% cases found EF <40.0% echocardiography, 24.3% cases EF 40-50% and regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA) in 51.4% cases.
Conclusion: Our study revealed that patients withnormal echo, ECG and serum levels of markers of cardiac injury are atlow risk for mortality and hence may need less monitoring or therapeutic intervention.Our study elucidates various significantfindings that advocate for tailored interventions, heightened awareness of cardiac involvement, andstrategic use of diagnostic tools.